Foliar Applications of ZnO and Its Nanoparticles Increase Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Growth and Yield under Water Stress

Foliar application or minerals is a methodology to promote growth and/or yield and protect plants against different kinds of stresses. Currently there great interest in evaluating the effect nanoparticles for enhancing these treatments. This study was performed evaluate compare foliar zinc oxide (ZnO) (ZnO-NPs) on safflower under irrigation regimes. applications ZnO all concentrations (4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 g L?1) led an increase biomass yield, number capitula per plant, seeds capitulum, grain compared with control plants. The maximum studied traits obtained concentration 10 L?1. In second round experiments, we observed found that spraying ZnO-NPs at L?1 may ameliorate deleterious effects water deficit. results present support idea improves especially drought stress, showed using increases efficiency application.